Freight Class Examples
Class 85 for 1000 lb at 48x40x60 in
Class 85 is the density-based estimate for 1000 lb at 48 x 40 x 60 inches because the complete handling unit calculates to 15.00 pounds per cubic foot.
Full density and class calculation
The outside envelope contains 48 x 40 x 60 = 115,200 cubic inches. Dividing by 1,728 converts that envelope to 66.67 cubic feet. Dividing the gross packaged weight of 1000 pounds by 66.67 cubic feet gives 15.00 pcf. The current density table places 15.00 pcf in the 12 to under 15 pcf band, which produces the class 85 screening result shown above.
48 x 40 x 60 / 1,728 = 66.67 ft3; 1000 / 66.67 = 15.00 pcf; density estimate = class 85.
Nearest freight class boundaries
At this exact footprint and height, the lower edge of the current band corresponds to 800.0 pounds. A decrease of about 200.0 pounds would reach that edge and can move the density estimate toward the next higher class number. The upper edge corresponds to 1000.0 pounds. An increase of about 0.0 pounds would reach the higher-density edge and can move the estimate toward the next lower class number.
The same boundaries can be expressed as height changes while holding 1000 pounds and the 48 x 40 inch footprint constant. A packaged height near 60.0 inches reaches 15 pcf, while a height near 75.0 inches reaches 12 pcf. Decreasing height raises density; increasing height lowers density. Measure the final wrapped load rather than choosing a favorable nominal carton height.
| Boundary | Weight at current size | Height at current weight |
|---|---|---|
| 12 pcf | 800.0 lb | 75.0 in |
| 15 pcf | 1000.0 lb | 60.0 in |
What changes the answer
If the entered 60 inch height omitted a 5.6 inch pallet base, including that base would produce 13.72 pcf and a density estimate of class 85. Two inches of combined length and width overhang would produce 13.71 pcf and class 85. Two additional inches of shrink wrap, corner board, or top projection would produce 14.52 pcf and class 85. These comparisons show why the greatest tendered dimensions control the arithmetic.
How stable is this estimate?
This combination sits close to the higher-density edge of its band. Small measurement or scale differences can therefore change the density-based class estimate. Recheck pallet overhang, wrap, projections, gross pallet weight, and carrier inspection measurements before using class 85 for planning.
Decision profile for this exact load
The 48 x 40 inch footprint matches a common North American pallet plan, so final wrapped height is the dimension most likely to be omitted from a nominal pallet description. None of the three packaging corrections tested on this page changes the class 85 density result. The closest band edge is 0.00 pcf from the calculated density, and the load sits 100.0% of the way from the 12 pcf edge to the 15 pcf edge.
Four-factor NMFC caveat
NMFC classification is not determined by density alone. The four transportation characteristics are density, stowability, handling, and liability. A commodity item, packaging rule, unusual handling need, poor stowability, or liability characteristic can override this density-only estimate and lead to a different official class.
Use the current NMFTA ClassIT+ record or qualified classification guidance to confirm the governing item and rules. Freight Totals is independent of NMFTA and carriers, and this page is a planning calculation rather than an official classification or rate.
Sources
- NMFTA: NMFC 13-Sub Density and Class BreaksSource record 2026-08-13. Density-based NMFC provisions only
- NMFTA: How is the density of a handling unit calculated?Source record 2026-08-12. LTL handling-unit measurement